На что похож большой театр на английском
Bolshoi Theatre
KEY FACTS
The Bolshoi Theatre Russian: Bol’shoy teatr or Большой театр is a landmark of not only theatrical Moscow but also of Russia as a whole. Located in the very heart of Moscow, close to the Kremlin, it holds opera and ballet performances based on the world’s best classical oeuvres, and the Bolshoi company has been considered one of the world’s leaders for decades. Going to this theatre will definitely be an unforgettable experience, but bear in mind that tickets to the most renowned productions are sold out long before the date of the performance. After the renovation that was finished in 2011, this, Moscow’s oldest public theatre, began to live up to its full potential. It has regained its bygone magnificence and its acoustics as well as the double-headed eagles, the symbol of 19th-century Imperial Russia, are famous around the world. The Bolshoi is rightfully considered one of the most beautiful theatres in Europe today. Besides attending performances, connoisseurs of the history of art also have the opportunity to join guided tours of the theatre and the museum.
OPERA AND BALLET
The history of the Bolshoi Theatre is closely associated with dozens of names that left a deep mark on world culture: Yury Grigorovich, Vladimir Vasilyev, Maya Plisetskaya, Galina Ulanova, Yekaterina Maksimova, Māris Liepa, Galina Vishnevskaya, Zurab Sotkilava, and many other stars of the opera and of the ballet.
According to Tugan Sokhiev, the musical director of the Bolshoi, the Bolshoi is “the first national musical theatre of Russia”. The staples of its repertoire are mostly masterpieces of the Russian musical theatre of the 19th and 20th centuries, for example Russian opera classics such as Mussorgsky’s Boris Godunov, Borodin’s Prince Igor, Tchaikovsky’s The Queen of Spades, Rimsky-Korsakov’s The Tsar’s Bride and The Snow Maiden, and Shostakovich’s Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk District—one of the greatest operas of the 20th century. Some international favourites are also staged here: La Traviata, La Bohème, Carmen, Manon Lescaut, etc.
The permanent Bolshoi ballet company has an exceptionally strong team of soloists. At the same time, the theatre actively attracts iconic performers, particularly prominent Russians such as Anna Netrebko, Dmitri Hvorostovsky, Hibla Gerzmava, Ildar Abdrazakov, Olga Peretyatko, and Yekaterina Gubanova.
The Bolshoi sees the mission of its ballet as preserving the classical repertoire and ensuring its masterful performance. Today, it stages the following ballets: The Nutcracker, Sleeping Beauty and Swan Lake by Pyotr Tchaikovsky, La Bayadère by Ludwig Minkus, Georges Balanchine’s Jewels, Onegin to Tchaikovsky’s music, Spartacus by Aram Khachaturian, Legend of Love by Arif Melikov, and others. Svetlana Zakharova is the most reputed prima ballerina of the Bolshoi Theatre, the only La Scala étoile among Russian ballet dancers.
The Bolshoi is always eager to present the best pieces of world theatre art to its audience. For this purpose, it invites distinguished European conductors, directors, artists, scenic designers and performers for its own productions as well as hosting guest performances of the world’s major musical theatres (La Scala, Royal Opera House, Hamburg State Opera, etc.).
THE STAGES AND SCHEDULE OF PERFORMANCES
There are three stages in the Bolshoi Theatre: the Historic Stage, the New Stage, and Beethoven Hall. If you are going to the theatre and wishing to see not only a ballet or an opera performance but also the famous theatre building with its splendid hall, you should opt for productions mounted on the Historic Stage. The New Stage constructed in 2002 is located in a separate building to left of the Bolshoi. As for Beethoven Hall, it was built after the renovation of 2011 on the first floor of the Bolshoi Theatre historic building. It now holds concerts and performances for children.
The Bolshoi mounts productions seasonally. For example, The Nutcracker is only staged in winter, in the second half of December and sometimes during the New Year holiday week, too (there are individual repertoires for each season). The famous Swan Lake has been held in autumn (mostly in September) and in January for the last three years.
Tickets to the Historic and New Stages become available three months before the performance and those to Beethoven Hall can be purchased two months in advance. The sale of tickets begins with the pre-sale in box offices, and only then are the tickets left sold through the website and official distributors. Please note that there is an immense demand for iconic performances, so tickets are often sold out during the pre-sale period.
ORIGINS
The Bolshoi was built as a private theatre in 1771. It owns its existence to Peter Urusov, the prosecutor appointed by Catherine the Great Empress of Russia from 1762 until 1796 to a ten-year privilege of organizing performances, balls, masquerades and other entertainments. Originally, the theatre was named Petrovsky after Petrovka Street Russian: ulitsa Petrovka or улица Петровка in the centre of Moscow. Later, Urusov invited English entrepreneur Michael Maddox to join the project. Maddox had come to Russia at the age of 19 as an equilibrist and the manager of “mechanical and physical representations”. Petrovsky Theatre became the first public theatre in Moscow. However, its owners were deeply in debt, and in 1805 the theatre was destroyed by fire. After that, the theatre and all its debts were nationalised. The company performed for almost 20 years at different stages until it found its new home at Teatralnaya Square Russian: Teatralnaya ploshchad or Театральная площадь in 1825. The building was designed by Joseph Bové, the key Moscow architect of that time. It amazed Muscovites with its majestic size, and soon the name acquired a “prefix” to become the Bolshoi “bolshoi” is Russian for “large” or “grand” Petrovsky Theatre. It became the central theatre of Moscow.
The theatre renovation tender was won by Alberto Cavos, the chief architect of imperial theatres. The new building differed a lot from the previous one: it was almost four metres higher, another pediment was added to the facade, and a cast bronze quadriga was installed instead of Apollo’s troika. This appearance has been preserved until the present day and is recognisable all over the world.
INTERIOR
Cavos paid a lot of attention to the auditorium, making it six-tier to accommodate 2,300 people. The hall has a shape of a violin, with the orchestra pit situated in the narrow part. Cavos was an ingenious acoustician: each element of décor contributes to the sound. He invented lots of unusual solutions: all panels in the hall are made of fir tree used as a tonewood in violins, cellos and guitars. Mouldings on the balconies are made not of plaster but of papier-mâché, which not only fails to absorb sound but also resonates it. Multiple acoustic cavity resonators are provided in the auditorium. All the decorations and fabric were fully renovated during the 2005–2011 renovation of the historic building.
The hall interior is an elegant union of Renaissance and Byzantine style based on the combination of white, golden and bright raspberry colours. The ultimate pearl in the crown is the magnificent crystal chandelier with tens of thousands of elements. The chandelier is 9 m high and 6 m in diameter, weighing 2,200 kg. It was manufactured for the Bolshoi in France in 1863. 30 years later, the original gas jets were transformed into electric lamps, and the chandelier hasn’t changed since then.
The chandelier is hanging from the center of a fine painting Apollo and the Muses created by academic painter Alexey Titov in the 19th century. Interestingly, the painter included an Easter egg by replacing Polyhymnia, the canonical Muse of religious hymns, by the Muse of pictorial arts he invented. You can see her with a palette and a brush in her hands.
During the renovation, the majesty of the auditorium enfilades was also restored: the Lobby, the White Foyer, the Choral, the Exhibition and the Round and Beethoven Halls. The ceiling paintings were restored in the White Foyer: they might look like chiseled plasterwork, but this is a trick of the light provided by the grisaille technique. The Emperor’s box is entered from the central part of the White Foyer. Above the entrance, you can see the monogram of Nicholas II, the last Emperor of Russia: the Russian letter “Н” intertwined with the Roman numeral II.
Beethoven Hall and the Round Hall are astoundingly splendid. We can see them today exactly the same as they were in 1895, when they were renovated for the coronation of Nicholas II. After the reconstruction, Beethoven Hall regained its imperial symbols that had been lost during the Soviet era: moulded crowns and the imperial monogram. The walls are upholstered with red fabric, the restoration of which required nearly five years of surveys and renovation works. The red satin was woven manually on Jacquard looms using 19th-century technology. Only 5 or 6 cm of fabric per day could be manufactured using this technique, while 700 m was required to cover the walls of the two halls.
HISTORIC BUILDING GUIDED TOURS
Tickets to the Bolshoi Theatre cost a pretty penny today. If you don’t have enough money or time to see a performance on the Historic Stage, you should pay attention to the theatre tours. Guided tours in English and Russian are run a few times a week in the morning, starting from the central entrance. You’d better get in a queue in advance, as the demand is huge and seats are limited. Box offices open at 11 a.m. Tourists are let in to purchase the tickets (the prices are specified on the official website) and then proceed to a tour, which lasts one hour.
On a tour, you can learn a lot about the history of the Bolshoi. First, tour guides lead their groups through the Lobby halls, explaining their reconstruction and how they were used before the revolution. Then, the tour continues to the splendid historic auditorium. At the end of the tour, you will go up to the fourth-tier balconies, from where an opera or ballet rehearsal can be seen, if you are lucky. Visitors are allowed to take photos of everything except stage rehearsals. The theatre has a museum of its own, but you can’t visit it separately. Exhibitions organised by the museum are held in the Exhibition and Choral Halls and are only available to those with tickets for a performance or a guided tour.
The Bolshoi Theater
Сочинение на тему «Большой театр»
на английском языке с переводом на русский язык
The Bolshoi Theater
Большой театр
In all countries, theaters are the main symbols of art, centers of national culture. Such academic theaters as The Royal Opera House in London or La Scala in Milan are famous all over the world. Every visit to them opens an incredible beauty to the spectators and listeners. Of course, The Bolshoi Theater in Moscow is among these temples of art.
Во всех странах театры – это главные символы искусства, центры национальной культуры. Такие академические театры, как Королевский театр в Лондоне или Ла Скала в Милане, знамениты во всём мире. Каждый визит в них открывает зрителям и слушателям невероятную красоту. Конечно, Большой театр в Москве – среди этих храмов искусства.
Russian opera and classical ballet are thought to be examples of the aesthetic perfection. The Bolshoi Theater is their “heart”, the greatest theater in the country. It is possible to see there the best stage performances of musical works by Russian and foreign composers, musicians, and choreographers.
Российские опера и классический балет считаются образцами эстетического совершенства. Большой театр – их «сердце», величайший театр страны. Там можно увидеть лучшие сценические постановки музыкальных произведений русских и зарубежных композиторов, музыкантов и хореографов.
The magnificent building of the theater with white columns can impress everyone, as well as its halls with red seats, golden boxes, and huge stages. The building is a part of the Theater Square architectural ensemble.
Великолепное здание театра с белыми колоннами способно впечатлить любого, как и его залы с красными креслами, золотыми ложами и огромными сценами. Здание является частью архитектурного ансамбля Театральной площади.
The modern audience loves The Bolshoi Theater, but it has a long artistic tradition. It was founded in the 18 th century, by the order of the Empress Catherine II, and hosted performances, concerts, and masquerades. However, later the building was destroyed by fire and rebuilt several times. The theater flourished in the 19 th and the early 20 th centuries: operas by Tchaikovsky, Borodin, Verdi, Wagner, famous ballets (for example, Giselle and Swan Lake) were extremely successful. In the USSR epoch, the theater remained popular and supported by the state.
Современная публика любит Большой театр, но у него долгая художественная традиция. Он был основан в XVIII веке, по указу императрицы Екатерины II, и там проходили спектакли, концерты, маскарады. Однако позднее здание было разрушено пожаром и несколько раз перестраивалось. Театр расцвёл в XIX и в начале XX вв.: оперы Чайковского, Бородина, Верди, Вагнера, знаменитые балеты (например, «Жизель» и «Лебединое озеро») были чрезвычайно успешны. В эпоху СССР театр остался популярным и поддерживался государством.
Nowadays, traditions and creative experiments coexist in the theater. People willingly visit its ballets (Don Quixote, Cinderella, etc.) and operas (Carmen, Eugene Onegin, etc.).
В наши дни в театре сосуществуют традиции и творческие эксперименты. Люди охотно посещают его балеты («Дон Кихот», «Золушка» и др.) и оперы («Кармен», «Евгений Онегин» и др.).
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The Bolshoi Theatre is one of the largest in Russia and one of the most significant in the world opera and ballet theaters. The theater is located at the Theater Square in Moscow.
It was founded in March 1776 by prince Pyotr Vasilievich Urusov. However, the theatre has survived several fires, and the modern building is a child of an architect Joseph Bové.
Joseph Bové actually carried out the project of the winner of the contest for the design of the new building of the Bolshoi Theatre – Andrei Mikhailov. However, this project was recognized to be too costly. Bové also revised the design project, while improving it significantly.
The new building is different from previous ones with its monumental grandeur, commensurate proportions, and harmony of architectural forms, and richness of the interior.
The Bolshoi Theatre is a compact rectangle in plan with an extended forward portico with eight columns from the Theatre Square. The façade is decorated with a large sculptural group – Apollo in a chariot with three horses – and is “looking” at the Theatre Square.
In the middle of the front part of the building, there is an entrance to the theatre with grand staircases, the main foyer, a five-tiered audience hall and a stage. Side parts of the building are divided into three floors and are reserved for other rooms of the theatre; besides, there are located entrances to the top tiers.
The present theatre building has gable roof with frontons.
Перевод:
Большой театр – это один из крупнейших в России и один из самых значительных в мире театров оперы и балета. Театр расположен на Театральной площади в Москве.
Он был основан в марте 1776 года князем Петром Васильевичем Урусовым. Однако театр пережил несколько пожаров, а современное здание – это дитя архитектора Осипа Бове.
Осип Бове, на самом деле, осуществил проект победителя конкурса проектов нового здания Большого театра – Андрея Михайлова. Однако этот проект признали слишком дорогостоящим. Бове же исправил проект, при этом значительно улучшив его.
Новое здание отличается от предыдущих монументальным величием, соразмерностью пропорций, гармонией архитектурных форм и богатством внутреннего интерьера.
Большой театр представляет собой компактный прямоугольник в плане с выдвинутым вперед портиком с восьмью колоннами со стороны Театральной площади. Фасад украшен большой скульптурной группой – Аполлоном на колеснице с тремя конями – и «смотрит» на Театральную площадь.
В средней части здания располагаются входная часть театра с парадными лестницами, главное фойе, пятиярусный зрительный зал и сцена. Боковые части, разделенные на три этажа, отведены для иных помещений театра, кроме того, в них же располагаются и входы в верхние ярусы.
У нынешнего здания театра двускатное покрытие с фронтонами.
Переведи сам в переводчике на английском:
Большой театр является одним из старейших и крупнейших театров России. Он также является одним из самых известных театров оперы и балета в мире. Люди иногда кратко называют его «Большой» и он находится в центральной части Москвы.
Первоначально это был Имперский театр. Архитектор, который спроектировал здание для Большого – Иосиф Бове. Оно было построено между 1821 и 1824 гг. С тех пор здание было несколько раз отремонтировано и перестроено. Тем не менее, оно сохранило свои первоначальные имперские декорации.
Сегодня это не просто здание театра, но также выдающаяся достопримечательность Москвы. Неоклассической вид Большого театра можно увидеть на российской 100-рублевой купюре. Этот театр всегда связывают с оперой и балетом. Он стал местом проведения многих заметных премьер. Среди них «Алеко» Рахманинова, «Борис Годунов» Мусоргского, «Воевода» и «Мазепа» Чайковского. Репертуар балета включает «Лебединое озеро» Чайковского, «Ромео и Джульетту» Прокофьева, «Жизель» Адама и ряд других. Многие постановки основаны на классических произведениях русских композиторов. Тем не менее, работы таких итальянских композиторов, как Верди, Россини и Пуччини также ставятся.
Презентация по английскому языку на тему «Большой театр» (11 класс Кузовлев)
Описание презентации по отдельным слайдам:
The Bolshoi Theatre
The Bolshoi Theatre is one of the oldest and biggest theatres in Russia. It is also one of the most renowned opera and ballet theatres in the world.
People sometimes call it shortly «The Bolshoi» and it is situated in the central part of Moscow. Originally it was an Imperial theatre.
The architect who designed the building of The Bolshoi was Joseph Bove. It was built between 1821 and 1824. Since then, the building was renovated and rebuilt several times. However, it kept its original imperial decorations.
The neoclassical view of The Bolshoi can be seen on the Russian 100-ruble banknote.
Today, it’s not simply the building of the theatre but it is also an outstanding landmark of Moscow.
People like to go to the theatres to see interesting performances, to enjoy beautiful architecture. A theatrical performance is always a mystery.
The theatre is always associated with opera and ballet. It has been the site for many notable premiers.
Ballet repertoire includes Tchaikovsky’s “Swan Lake”, Prokofiev’s “Romeo and Juliet”, Adam’s “Giselle” and several others.
Курс повышения квалификации
Дистанционное обучение как современный формат преподавания
Курс повышения квалификации
Специфика преподавания английского языка с учетом требований ФГОС
Курс профессиональной переподготовки
Английский язык: теория и методика преподавания в образовательной организации
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Bolshoi Theatre
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Bolshoi Theatre, Russian Bolshoy Teatr, official name State Academic Bolshoi Theatre of Russia, leading theatre company for ballet and opera in Russia. The original group, which was made up of several smaller troupes, was organized in Moscow in the mid-1770s, performing primarily at the mansion of Count R.I. Vorontsov. In 1780 the first permanent theatre building in Moscow was opened as the company’s home, but it burned in 1805. A year later the Bolshoi Theatre was made a government institution, and a new building was opened in 1825. It, too, was destroyed by fire, in 1853, but it was rebuilt and enlarged in 1856 to accommodate an audience of more than 2,000. By the end of the 19th century the Bolshoi’s operatic and ballet productions of Russian and other European works were influencing the performing arts throughout the Western world. In 1924 a smaller auditorium was added to the theatre complex, and in 1961 the Kremlin Palace of Congresses, with a capacity of about 6,000, was acquired as a third performing space for bigger productions.
The company was kept intact during the Russian Revolution of 1917, both world wars, and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1990–91. Since the mid-1950s the opera and ballet troupes have traveled extensively.
This article was most recently revised and updated by Amy Tikkanen.